SEBA Class 7 Social Science (English Medium) Chapter 9 – Climate, Natural Vegetation, Agriculture, and Population of India Solutions & Summary
Explore the detailed solutions for SEBA Class 7 Social Science Chapter 9 – “Climate, Natural Vegetation, Agriculture, and Population of India” in English medium. This chapter provides an in-depth understanding of India’s diverse climate zones, natural vegetation, major agricultural activities, and population distribution.
Students will learn about the different seasons of India (summer, monsoon, winter, and retreating monsoon), types of forests (evergreen, deciduous, thorny, and mangrove), and the significance of agriculture as the backbone of India’s economy. The chapter also explains important crops like rice, wheat, pulses, and cash crops such as cotton, jute, and tea.
Additionally, the chapter highlights India’s growing population, its impact on resources, and the importance of sustainable development. Key discussions include population density, factors affecting population growth, and government initiatives for resource management.
Our solutions include NCERT-based textbook answers, multiple-choice questions (MCQs), and a detailed chapter summary to help students understand fundamental concepts and prepare effectively for exams.
Class 7 Social Science (English Medium) PDF Solutions 2025-26 | SCERT Assam
Class 7 Social Science
Chapter – 9 Ospin Academy
Climate Natural Vegetation Agriculture and Population of India
Exercise
1. Write true or false:
(a) There are two types of monsoon winds in India.
Ans: True.
(b) India is the first populous country in the world.
Ans: False.
(c) The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of India.
Ans: True.
(d) The black soil of Southern India is suitable for tea cultivation.
Ans: False.
(e) Evergreen forest are found in the desert region.
Ans: False.
2. Tick (√) the correct answer.
(a) South west monsoon wind blows over Pacific ocean/Arabian sea/Red sea.
Ans: Arabian sea.
(b) According to 2011 census of India the density of population is 380/382/324 persons per sq. km.
Ans: 382.
(c) Punjab/Jammu and Kashmir/ Himachal Pradesh ranks first among the fruit producing states of India.
Ans: Jammu and Kashmir.
(d) In desert regions Evergreen/Thorny/Grassland vegetation is found.
Ans: Thorny.
(e) The highest populous state of India is Arunachal Pradesh/Maharashtra/Uttar Pradesh.
Ans: Uttar Pradesh.
3. Match column A with column B
|
A |
B |
|---|---|
|
(i) Monsoon vegetation |
(i) Rainfall abve 200 cm. |
|
(ii) Grassland vegetation |
(ii) Annual rainfall less than 50 cm. |
|
(iii) Thorny desert vegetation |
(iii) Annual rainfall between 50 cm to 100 cm. |
|
(iv) Evergreen vegetation |
(iv) Annual rainfall between 100 cm to 200 cm. |
Ans:
|
A |
B |
|---|---|
|
(i) Monsoon vegetation |
(iv) Annual rainfall between 100 cm to 200 cm. |
|
(ii) Grassland vegetation |
(iii) Annual rainfall between 50 cm to 100 cm. |
|
(iii) Thorny desert vegetation |
(ii) Annual rainfall less than 50 cm. |
|
(iv) Evergreen vegetation |
(i) Rainfall abve 200 cm. |
4. Write short answers (in about 40 words)
(i) What are the reasons for decrease and increase of population?
Ans: Sometimes the population of a place may decrease temporarily for reasons like-natural calamaties, various diseases, war, violence, epidemics. On the other hand population increase of a place depends upon birth rate, death rate and migration. Generally there is increase in population when birth rate is higher than death rate.
(ii) What are the factors that determine the climate of India?
Ans: The climate of India is determined by the vastness of the country, the varied physiography, distance from the equator, altitude and monsoon winds.The Indian landmass lies between 8°4′ N and 37°6′ N latitudes.The northern part of the country lies in the temperate zone and the places in this region enjoy moderate type of climate, neither too hot nor too cold.
(iii) Where are the Evergreen vegetation found in India.
Ans: The Evergreen forest are found in West- ern Ghats. Upper Assam, Arunachal Pradesh. Lower Himalaya, moun- tainous region of Manipur and Mizoram, parts of Andaman and Nicobar Is- lands.
(iv) Name the cotton producing states in India.
Ans: Cotton is cultivated extensively in the black soil regions of Madhya Pradesh, Southern part of Gujrat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Northern part of Karnataka.
5. Write answers (in about 80 words).
(a) Writet the influence of the map of India, of south west monsoon on the climate of India with the help of the map of india.
Ans: The South West Monsoon has a significant impact on the climate of India. The monsoon season, which lasts from June to September, brings heavy rainfall to the western and southern coasts of India, particularly to the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, and Goa. The retreating southwest monsoon season is marked by clear skies and rise in temperature. The land is still moist. Owing to the conditions of high temperature and humidity, the weather becomes rather oppressive. This is commonly known as the ‘October heat’.
The map of India shows the impact of the South West Monsoon on the different regions of the country, with the monsoon – affected areas indicated in green and the dry regions in yellow and brown.
(b) “Different crops require different types of climate,” elaborate the statement.
Ans: India is basically an agricultural country. Depending upon the climate and fertility of soil various types of crops are grown in India. The Ganga Brahmaputra plain is made up of rich river alluvial deposits. In this region during summer the temperature rises above 25° celsius and the rainfall is above 100 cm. West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Assam lies in this region. Rice is the major agricultural product of this region.Wheat is the main agricultural crop of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh where climate is dry and rainfall is less. In the Nilgiri hills of southern India tea and coffee are grown. Cotton is cultivated extensively in the black soil regions of Madhya Pradesh, Southern part of Gujarat etc.Different types of cereals and spices are also grown in all the states of India.
(c) What climatic condition is favourable for monsoon vegetation? Give examples of monsoon forest and write the places where such vegetation is found in India.
Ans: Monsoon forest, also called dry forest or tropical deciduous forest, open woodland in tropical areas that have a long dry season followed by a season of heavy rainfall. Such type of forests are found in regions where the annual rainfall is be- tween 100 cm to 200 cm and average temperature is 27º celsius. Trees grow during rainy season when there is heavy rainfall. Trees shed their leaves during winter when temperatue falls and rainfall is less and soil remains dry. Such forest can be seen in Assam, Bihar, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh. Chhatisgarh, Jharkhand. Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Eastern Ghat, Western Ghat and parts of southern plateau. Monsoon forests can be seen in some parts of Andaman and Nicobar Islands also.
(d) What climatic condition is suitable for rice cultivation. Name the major rice producing states of India.
Ans: Rice crop needs a hot and humid climate. It is best suited to regions that have high humidity, prolonged sunshine and an assured supply of water. The average temperature required throughout the life period of the crop ranges from 21 to 37º C. In this region during summer the temperature rises above 250 celsius and the rainfall is above 100 cm. West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Assam lies in this region. Rice is the major agricultural product of this region. Punjab and Haryana receives less rainfall but through irrigation large quantity of rice are produced. Rice pro- duced in India is also exported. Rice is also cultivated in the Mahanadi river valley of Orissa, estuary region of Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri and Kerela.
(e) What are the problems caused by population growth in India?
Ans: High growth rate in population is a burning issue. Growth in population causes problems like settlement, decrease in forest and agricultural land, scarcity of food, un- employment etc. If the population increase can be utilised for development of human resource then several problems can be mitigated and the country can move towards progress and prosperity.
Q1: What are the major climate zones of India?
A: India has tropical monsoon climate, arid climate (deserts), temperate climate (hills), and coastal climate, affecting agriculture and vegetation.
Q2: What are the main types of natural vegetation found in India?
A: India has tropical evergreen forests, deciduous forests, thorny vegetation (desert plants), and mangrove forests (Sundarbans region).
Q3: Why is agriculture important to India’s economy?
A: Agriculture employs over 50% of India’s population and provides food, raw materials for industries, and exports, making it vital for economic stability.
Q4: How does population growth affect India’s resources?
A: A growing population increases demand for food, water, land, and employment, leading to resource depletion and urbanization challenges.
Q5: Where can I find solutions for all Class 7 Social Science chapters?
A: To access solutions for all chapters, Click Here
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