Class 10 Social Science Chapter 6 – Economic Geography: Subject Matter and Resources Complete Question Answer | ASSEB / SEBA
Class 10 Social Science (Geography) Chapter 6 – Economic Geography: Subject Matter and Resources Complete Question Answers and Exam Solutions (ASSEB / SEBA Assam – English Medium)
The sixth chapter of the Class 10 Social Science syllabus (and the first chapter of the Geography section), ‘Economic Geography: Subject Matter and Resources’, is highly significant for understanding the economic utilization of our environment. For the upcoming HSLC 2027 board examinations, we have meticulously prepared a complete set of question answers (Class 10 Social Science Chapter 6 Question Answer) fully based on the New ASSEB (Assam State School Education Board) Syllabus 2026-27 and the latest exam blueprint. This extensive Question Bank includes in-text Very Short Answers (VSA), Short Questions, Long Answers, and step-by-step solutions to Previous Years’ Board Exam Questions (PYQ). Ospin Academy provides these notes with utmost accuracy to ensure your exam success.
This chapter offers a deep dive into the scope of economic geography, the detailed classification of resources (natural, human, renewable, non-renewable), and the critical need for resource conservation and sustainable development. Organizations like the IUCN and their role in environmental protection are also highlighted. Memorizing the differences between various resources and conservation strategies is essential for matriculation candidates. Our Question Bank ensures that you thoroughly cover textbook exercises as well as Extra Board Questions and Answers that are frequently tested by examiners.
What you will learn and get from this chapter:
- A comprehensive understanding of Economic Geography, its branches, and its subject matter.
- Detailed classifications of resources along with real-world examples and their economic significance.
- In-depth knowledge of resource conservation methods, sustainable development, and the role of global organizations like IUCN.
- Perfectly structured answers for 1-mark objective questions (VSA/MCQ) and 2-3 marks short reasoning questions (e.g., differences between renewable and non-renewable resources).
- Standard, easy-to-memorize solutions for 4-5 marks long descriptive questions regarding resource management.
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Class 10 Social Science Question Bank ASSEB HSLC 2027 | English Medium Chapter-wise Solutions PDF
Class 10: Social Science
Economic Geography: Matter and Resources
HSLC English PYQs (2024–2026): Important MCQs with Answers
1. In your opinion which of the following is a popular and latest example of ‘search for alternative resource’ ? {2026}
(A) Street play on water conservation
(B) Re-use of old plastic bottle
(C) Apply used waste tea leaves at the roots of flower seedlings
(D) PM Surya Ghar Scheme
Answer: D
2. Which of the following statements is/are correct about Taiwan and South Korea ? {2026}
(i) Rapid development of human resource
(ii) Scarcity of many natural resources
(iii) Scarcity of raw materials for industries.
(iv) Unable to be get recognized as leading and prosperous countries in world.
(A) Only (i)
(B) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(C) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(D) Only (iv)
Answer: C
3. Consider the statements (i), (ii) and (iii) given below and choose the correct answer : {2026}
(i) The attributes of functionality and utility of the materials found in nature can create human resource.
(ii) The attributes of functionality and utility of the materials found in nature can be explored through human knowledge.
(iii) With the expansion of the horizon of human knowledge many new resources are also created and used.
(A) Only (i)
(B) (ii) and (iii)
(C) Only (ii)
(D) Only (iii)
Answer: B
4. Which of the following pair is correctly matched ? {2026}
Types of Resources – Example
(i) Abiotic resources – Plants
(ii) Individual resources – Good Character
(iii) Exhaustible resources – Natural Gas
(iv) Ubiquitous resources – Coal
(A) (i), (iv)
(B) (i), (ii)
(C) (ii), (iii)
(D) (iii), (iv)
Answer: C
5. Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option. {2026}
Assertion (A) : Economic Geography studies human activities such as production, distribution, consumption and exchange of resources.
Reason (R) : Economic Geography is concerned with the spatial and temporal dimensions of these human activities.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: A
6. Choose the correct set of statements about the IUCN from the options given below. {2025}
(i) IUCN was formed in the year 1948.
(ii) The full form of IUCN is Indian Union for Conservation of Nature.
(iii) WWF and World Conservation Monitoring Centre were established with the initiative of IUCN.
(iv) George Chisholm was the founder Director-General of IUCN.
(A) (i), (ii), (iii)
(B) (ii), (iii), (iv)
(C) (ii), (iv)
(D) (i), (iii)
Answer: D
7. Which of the following are correct regarding conservation of resources? {2025}
(i) Economic use of resources considering longlasting developmental process.
(ii) More and more use of non-renewable resources instead of renewable resources.
(iii) Possible optimum utilization of resources without any destruction and misuse
(iv) Preservation of resources for future without any use
(A) (i), (iv)
(B) (i), (ii)
(C) (ii), (iv)
(D) (i), (iii)
Answer: D
8. Two statements are given below, one as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason
(R). Based on these statements, choose the most appropriate answer {2025}
Assertion (A) : Economic Geography studies human activities associated with production, distribution and exchange of resources in spatial and temporal contexts.
Reason (R) : Human’s way of life and their economic activities are different in terms of spatio-temporal variations.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true; and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true; but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, (R) is true.
Answer: A
9. Two statements are given below, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Choose the correct answer based on these statements. {2025}
Assertion (A) : With the change in society, simultaneous changes occur in the concept of resource, and consequent change in resource collection and use.
Reason (R) : With the expansion of human knowledge and development of science and technology many neutral stuffs and resistances are transformed into resources.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, (R) is incorrect.
(C) (A) is incorrect, (R) is correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
Answer: A
10. Which among the following options is correct for quaternary sector of economy? {2025}
(A) Community-based tourism
(B) Innovative research on modern eco-friendly technology.
(C) Sales executive of a shopping mall.
(D) Green bus service for public transportation.
Answer: B
11. Which one of the following is non-renewable resource? {2024}
(A) Crop
(B) Mineral Oil
(C) Water
(D) Forest
Answer: B
12. Which one of the following is not included in territory occupation?
{2024}
(A) Transportation
(B) Communication
(C) Mineral resource collection
(D) Tourism
Answer: C
Assam’s Various District Pre‑Board (2025–26) MCQs With Answers
1. “Any material to become a resource should have two properties, viz. Functionality and utility. Whose statement is this? {Bajali}
(A) Jimmermann
(B) George Chishom
(C) C.F.Jones
(D) Darkenwald
Answer: A
2. Match the following: {Bajali}
The following table:
(A) Primary occupation
(B) Secondary occupation
(C) Tertiary occupation
(D) Quaternary occupation
(i) Transportation
(ii) Extraction of mineral resources
(iii) Construction
(iv) Education and research
(A) A – ii, B – i, C -iv, D – iii
(B) A – ii, B – iii, C – i, D – iv
(C) A- iv, B – ii, C-i, D – iii
(D) A – i, B – iv, C -iii, D – ii
Answer: B
3. Which of the following is not included in the major branches of economic geography? {Bajali}
(A) Agricultural geography
(B) Natural geography
(C) Resource geography
(D) Transport geography
Answer: B
4. Choose the correct options from the two summon statements- {Baksa}
(i) Resource conservation means that we should extract our necessary resources from nature in a way that benefits us for a long time.
(ii) Resource conservation refers to the act of saving for the Future without using resources.
(A) (i) and (ii) both are correct
(B) (i) and (ii) both are incorrect.
(C) (i) is correct and (ii) is incorrect.
(D) (i) is incorrect and (ii) is correct.
Answer: C
5. Choose the correct option based on the following Assertation (A) and Reason (R). {Baksa}
Assertion (A) : The economic development of a country depends largely on the quality and quantity of the resources of the country.
Reason (R) : The economic development of a country depends heavily on the quality and abundance of the resource of the country.
(A) Assertion ‘A’ is correct but reason (R) is incorrect.
(B) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are incorrect.
(C) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are correct and R is the correct explanation of ‘A’.
(D) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are correct but ‘R’ is not correct explanation of ‘A’.
Answer: C
6. Which of the following are correct regarding conservation of resources? {Barpeta}
(i) Economical use of resources considering the long term development process
(ii) More and more use of non-renewable resources than the renewable resources
(iii) Possible optimum utilization of resources without any destruction and misuse
(iv) Preservation of resources for future without any use
(A) i, iv
(B) i, ii
(C) ii, iv
(D) i, iii
Answer: D
7. Select the correct order of examples of the four types of human economic occupation- {Barpeta}
(A) Fishing – Manufacturing process -Transportation – Bank
(B) Fishing – Manufacturing process – Bank – Transportation
(C) Manufacturing process – Fishing – Transportation – Bank
(D) Transportation – Bank – Fishing – Manufacturing process
Answer: A
8. Which of the following is not applied to ‘resource’ ? {Barpeta}
(A) Cannot be exchanged
(B) Does not have market value
(C) Brings about human welfare
(D) May have both utility and harmful effect
Answer: A
9. The branches of Geography in which the study of human activities associated with production distribution, consumption and exchange of resources is done in spatial and temporal contexts. {Biswanath}
(A) Physical Geography
(B) Human Geography
(C) Economic Geography
(D) Regional Geography
Answer: C
10. Poppy and her younger brother have been able to earn a lot by making beautiful house decorations from waste plastic bottle and unsuitable fabrics. Which of the following catagories of human economics occupations would there source of income falls into- {Biswanath}
(A) Primary Occupation
(B) Secondary Occupation
(C) Tertiary Occupation
(D) Quaternary Occupation
Answer: B
11. Below are the examples of various resources and types of resources in two parts. Choose the correct sequences by making the two parts. {Biswanath}
Types of Resources
(a) Non- renewable resource
(b) National Resource
(c) Individual Resource
(d) Localised Resource
Examples of Resources
(i) Education
(ii) Iron
(iii) Coal
(iv) Transport Networkes
(A) a (ii) b (iv) c (i) d (iii)
(B) a (iii) b (i) c (iv) d (ii)
(C) a (ii), b (iv) c (i) d (iii)
(D) a (ii) b (iii) c (iv) d (i)
Answer: C
12. Find out the correct alternative answer to fill the vacant box of the following images according to the class division of Resources- {Bongaigaon}
(A) Renewable Resource, Non Renewable Resource, Alternative Resource.
(B) Biotic Resource, Abiotic Resource, Human Resource.
(C) Individual Resource, National Resource, International Resource.
(D) Natural Resource, Man-made Resource, Human Resource.
Answer: D
13. Which one of the following is a man-made resource? {Bongaigaon}
(A) Coal
(B) River
(C) Silt
(D) Chemical fertilizer
Answer: D
14. Match the following and choose the correct answer. {Bongaigaon}
(i) Education
(ii) Natural Gas
(iii) The animals under the Responsibility of a Country
(iv) Oceans and seas
(a) International Resource
(b) National Resources
(c) Indivudual Resources
(d) Non-Renewable Resource
(A) (i) d, (ii) c, (iii) a, (iv) b
(B) (i) b, (ii) d, (iii) c, (iv) a
(C) (i) a, (ii) c, (iii) d, (iv) b
(D) (i) c, (ii) d, (iii) b, (iv) a
Answer: D
15. Geographical Information System (GIS) is used along with ______ in applied economic geography. {Cachar}
(A) Physical model
(B) Theory model
(C) Symbolic model
(D) Mathematical model
Answer: D
16. Which attributes make ‘population’ a human resource? {Cachar}
(a) Wealth
(b) Skill
(c) Technology
(d) Political Connections
(A) ‘a’ and ‘b’
(B) ‘a’ and ‘d’
(C) ‘b’ and ‘c’
(D) ‘b’ and ‘d’
Answer: C
17. Rita’s mother never throws away the vegetable peels. She prepares manure out of them for her garden. What is she actually doing? {Cachar}
(A) Search for alternative resources
(B) Control of waste materials
(C) Proper assessment of resource reserve
(D) Assessment of future requirement of resources
Answer: B
18. The correct order of examples of the four types of human economic occupation is – {Dhubri}
(A) Transportation/ Bank/ Fishing/ Manufacturing
(B) Fishing/ Transportation/ Manufacturing/ Bank
(C) Fishing/ Manufacturing/ Transportation/ Bank
(D) Manufacturing/Fishing/ Transportation/ Bank
Answer: C
19. Find the correct alternative answer to fill the blank boxes of the figure below according to the classification of resources {Dhubri}
(A) Renewable resource, Non renewable resources, Alternative resources
(B) Natural resources, Manmade resource, Human resource.
(C) Individual resource, National resource, International resource
(D) Biotic resource, Abiotic resource, Human resource
Answer: B
20. Which of the following is an example of National Resource? {Goalpara}
(A) Ocean and seas
(B) Atmosphere
(C) Forests
(D) Government
Answer: C
21. Which of the following is the example of an alternative resource? {Goalpara}
(A) Synthetic rubber in place of natural rubber
(B) Coal in place of Hydro-electricity
(C) Mineral oil in place of Bid-fuel
(D) Cotton fiber in place of synthetic fiber
Answer: A
22. Which of the following best explains why tertiary occupations grow rapidly in developing countries? {Jorhat}
(A) Because agricultured land increase.
(B) Because people demand more service as income and urbanisation rise.
(C) Because factories start producing more goods.
(D) Because natural resources become unlimited.
Answer: B
23. Farmers in two nearby villages grow different crops even though they have similar soil and climate conditions. Which resource factor likely caused this difference? {Jorhat}
(A) Level of human resources development.
(B) Number of Rivers.
(C) Ubiquitous nature of recources.
(D) Renewable quality of land.
Answer: A
24. Which of the following practices help in the conservation of resource? {Jorhat}
a) Recycling
b) Over-irrigation
c) Afforestation
d) Sustainable development
(A) a, b, d
(B) a, c, d
(C) b,c,d
(D) a,d
Answer: B
25. Assertion (A): Resource conservation is essential for sustainable development. {Jorhat}
Reason (R): Resources are limited in supply and take a long time to replenish.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, But R is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, (R) is true.
Answer: A
26. Which of the following are correct regarding conservation of resources? {Jorhat}
i) Economic use of resources considering long-lasting development process.
ii) More and more use of non-renewable resources instead of renewable resources.
iii) Possible optimum utilization of resources without any destruction and misuse.
iv) Preservation of resources for future without any use.
(A) i, iv
(B) i, ii
(C) ii, iv
(D) i, iii
Answer: D
27. Assertion (A): Economic geography studies human activities associated with production distribution, consumption and exchange of resources in spatial and temporal contexts. {Jorhat}
Reason (R): Human’s way of life and their economic activities are different in terms of spatio-temporal variations.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, But R is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, (R) is true.
Answer: A
28. Which of the following is an example of an alternative resource? {Kamrup M}
(A) Synthetic rubber in place of natural rubber
(B) Coal in place of Hydro Electricity
(C) Mineral Oil in place of Bio Fuel
(D) Cotton fibre in place of Synthetic fibre
Answer: A
29. Which of the following statement is correct about resources? {Udalguri}
(A) They have exchange value
(B) Limited supply
(C) It is for the welfare of mankind
(D) Values can be transferred in future
Answer: C
30. Schemes undertaken by the government, to facilitate the small scale production, export, distribution of tea leaves is a concept of which branch of Economic Geography— {Udalguri}
(A) Resource Geography
(B) Transport Geography
(C) Industrial Geography
(D) Market Geography
Answer: C
31. Choose the correct statements form the following about IUCN. {Kamrup M}
(i) The IUCN was formed under the leadership of Julian Hucksole.
(ii) The main objective of IUCN is to carry out study and research on conservation of global natural environment and natural resources including biodiversity and to take appropriate measures.
(iii) WWF is established by IUCN.
(iv) Under IUCN a ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate change has been formed at government level in India.
(A) (i), (ii), (iv) correct
(B) (i), (ii), (iii) correct
(C) (ii), (iii), (iv) correct
(D) (iii), (iv) correct
Answer: B
32. Which of the following statements are true about Green house gases.
{Kamrup M}
(i) These gases control the heat of the atmosphere by absorbing the reflecting energy from the earth.
(ii) The volume of the Green house gases in atmosphere is 0.1%.
(iii) The main cause of global warming is the increase of green house gases.
(iv) The change in the volume of the green house gases in atmosphere does not make any change in the temperature of the atmosphere.
(A) (i), (ii), (iii) correct
(B) (i), (iii), (iv) correct
(C) (i), (ii), (iv) correct
(D) (ii), (iii), (iv) correct
Answer: A
33. Which of the following are the main causes of soil pollution? {Kamrup M}
(i) Modern agriculture practices
(ii) Overgrazing
(iii) Extension of industries
(iv) Desertification
(A) Only (i) & (iii)
(B) Only (i) & (iv)
(C) Only (i), (ii) & (iii)
(D) Only (i), (iii) & (iv)
Answer: A
34. Which of the following is not a primary occupation? {Kamrup R}
(A) Fishing
(B) Forest resource collection
(C) Manufacturing Process
(D) Agricultural activity
Answer: C
35. Which of the following is a Ubiquitous resource. {Kamrup R}
(A) Water
(B) Iron
(C) Coal
(D) Air
Answer: D
36. Which organisation is not involved in resource conservation? {Kamrup R}
(A) IUCN
(B) WWF
(C) WTI
(D) UNDP
Answer: D
37. Inspite of Scarcity of resources and raw materials countries like Japan, Swizerland, Taiwan etc are the most advanced and prosperous countries of the world because of- {Kamrup R}
i) Rapid development of human resources.
ii) Sufficient man-made resource.
iii) Sufficient renewable resources.
iv) Advanced in education, technology and skill.
(A) i and ii are correct
(B) i and iii are correct
(C) i and iv are correct
(D) i, ii, iii, iv all are correct
Answer: C
38. Gold is a. {Kokrajhar}
(A) Artificial resource
(B) Natural resource
(C) Biotic resource
(D) Human resource
Answer: B
39. Example of human resource is- {Kokrajhar}
(A) Dr. Bhupen Hazarika
(B) Airport
(C) Kaziranga National Park
(D) Coal
Answer: A
40. Manufacturing process various types of construction and repairing work, etc. are the examples of- {Kokrajhar}
(A) Secondary occupation
(B) Tertiary occupation
(C) Primary occupation
(D) Quaternary occupation
Answer: A
41. Due to which of the following characteristics is it considered a resource and property? {Kokrajhar}
(A) Natural roce arces
(B) It is and has market value
(C) Non renewable resources
(D) Due to soil variation
Answer: B
42. Which of the following is non-renewable resource. {Lakhimpur}
(A) Air
(B) Water
(C) Crop
(D) Coal
Answer: D
43. The students of class 10 planned to perform awareness generating Street plays among the public near the school gate and hurrounding areas to make the process of resource conservation effective. With which method of resource conservation is their plan associate – {Lakhimpur}
(A) Implementation of laws related to resource conservation
(B) Correct evaluation of the current resources
(C) Correct evaluation of knowledge and education
(D) Determination of the future requirement of resoruces.
Answer: C
44. Which of the following is a man-made resources {Lakhimpur}
(A) Forests
(B) Irrigation
(C) Rivers
(D) Mineral oil
Answer: B
45. Find the correct alternative to fill the blank boxes of the figure – {Nagaon}
(A) Renewable resource, non-renewable resource, alternative resource.
(B) Individual resource, National resource, International resource.
(C) Biotic resource, Abiotic resource, Human resource
(D) Natural resource, man made resource, Human resource
Answer: D
46. Which of the following is resistance? {Nagaon}
(A) Underground Coal
(B) Flood affected area
(C) Stocked resources
(D) Underground water
Answer: B
47. Rashmi sells her own disigning clothes through facebook app to earmoney.Now tell in what type of occupation Rashmi is engaged- {Nagaon}
(A) Primary
(B) Secondary
(C) Tertiary
(D) Quaternary
Answer: C
49. Which of the following gases absorb the heat reflected from earth’s surface? {Nalbari}
(i) Carbon-di-oxide
(ii) Nitrogen
(iii) Nitrous oxide
(iv) Hydrogen
(A) I, II
(B) I, III
(C) II, III
(D) II, IV
Answer: B
50. Consider the statements (I) and (II) regarding land pollution and choose the correct option- {Nalbari}
Statement-I : Modern farming practices are a major cause of land pollution.
Statement-II: Application of chemical fertilizers and insecticides improves the natural properties of soil.
(A) I is true, II is false
(B) I is false, Il is true
(C) Both are true
(D) Both are false
Answer: A
51. The increase of carbon-di-oxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere is primarily attributed to which of the following activities? {Nalbari}
(i) Urbanization
(ii) Expansion of Agriculture
(iii) Use of fossil fuels
(iv) Volcanic Eruptions
(A) i, ii
(B) ii, iii
(C) iii, iv
(D) i, ii, iii
Answer: D
52. On the basis of the information given in (A) and (R), choose the right options – {Nalbari}
Assertion (A): About 35% of the world’s land surface is already affected by desertification.
Reason (R) : Rapid population growth has increased pressure in the desert and semi-desert regions, helping the expansion of deserts.
(A) (A) is correct, (R) is incorrect
(B) (A) is incorrect, (R) is correct
(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(D) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
Answer: C
53. Assertion (A): Resource is dynamic. {Sibsagar}
Reason (R): With the change in society a simultaneous change occurs in the concept of resources and consequent change in resource collection and use.
(A) A is true, R is false.
(B) A is false, R is true.
(C) Both A and R are true, But R is not correct explanation of A.
(D) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Answer: D
54. Which one of the following resources is natural resource as well as biotic and renewable resource?
The resource is an individual or national resource as well as a localized resource. {Sibsagar}
(A) Coal
(B) Water
(C) Plants
(D) Sunshine
Answer: C
55. Suppose you buy the necessary books from the bookstore in front of your school.
Which of the following professions does the shopkeeper belong to. {Sibsagar}
(A) Primary Occupation
(B) Secondary Occupation
(C) Tertiary Occupation
(D) Quaternary Occupation
Answer: C
56. “The main objective of economic geography is determination of the economic development trend and direction of place.” Who said? {Sibsagar}
(A) C.F. Jones
(B) George Chisholm
(C) G.G. Darkenwald
(D) Zimmermann
Answer: B
57. Which of the following subjects are the scope of study in economic Geography {Sonitpur}
ⅰ) Production Distribution and trade.
ii) Location based product diversity
ii) Study of political boundaries
iv) Geographic impact of population.
(A) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(B) (i) (ii) and (iv)
(C) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(D) (i), (iii) and (iv)
Answer: B
58. Economic geography is mainly concerned with me study of- {Sonitpur}
(A) Landforms and Climate
(B) Distribution and use of natural resources and human activities.
(C) Political boundaries of countries.
(D) Population growth only.
Answer: B
59. Who is the father of economic geography? {Sonitpur}
(A) Carl Ritter
b) Adam Smith
(C) George Seijhom
(D) Amratya Sen
Answer: C
60. The process of converting natural resources into usable resources through study and research is called -. {Sribhumi}
(A) Innovation
(B) Recycling
(C) Conservation of resources
(D) Search for Alternative Resources
Answer: A
61. “Paper from Bamboo” – this is an example of which resource? {Sribhumi}
(A) Natural Resource
(B) Man-made Resource
(C) Biotic Resource
(D) Renewable Resource
Answer: B
62. Assertion (A) : Resources supports peoples survival as well as their quality of life. {Sribhumi}
Reason (R) : It is believed that resources are the free gift of nature.
(A) A true, R false
(B) A false, R true
(C) A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(D) A and R both are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Answer: D
63. Which of the following is an example of a quaternary-sector activity? {Sribhumi}
(A) Crop Cultivation
(B) Banking
(C) Road construction
(D) Setting up a factory
Answer: B
64. Match Coulumn A with B and find the correct option :- {Sribhumi}
Column A
i) Natural Resource
ii) Man-made Resource
iii) Renewable Resource
iv) Biotic Resource
Column B
a) Roads, House
b) Sunlight, Wind
c) Plants, Animals
d) Land, Water
Options:
(A) i-a, ii-b, iii-d, iv-c
(B) i-d, ii-a, iii-b, iv-c
(C) i-d, ii-c, iii-b, iv-a
(D) i-b, ii-c, iii-d, iv-a
Answer: B
65. Two statements are given below, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R) choose the correct answer based on these statements {Salmara}
Assertion (A) All wealth is resources, but all resources may not be wealth.
Reason (R) The materials which have exchange value are called wealth.
(A) (A) is true, (R) is false
(B) (A) is false, (R) is true
(C) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(D) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
Answer: D
66. Match the following resources with their based and choose the correct answer: {Salmara}
i. Based on structure
a. Renewable Resource
ii. Based an ownership
b. Abiotic Resource
iii. Based on process of origin
c. Individual Resource
iv. Based on Availability
d. Natural Resource
A) i-b, ii-c, iii-a, iv-d
B) i-b, ii-d, iii-a, iv-c
C) i-b, ii-c, iii-d, iv-a
(D) i-b, ii-a, iii-c, iv-d
Answer: C
67. Match Column (A) with Column (B) . {Udalguri}
Column A:
(a) National Resources
(b) Personal Resources
(c) International Resources
(d) Human Resources
Column B:
(i) Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
(ii) Sea–Ocean
(iii) One-horned Rhino of Assam
(iv) Education
(A) a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i
(B) a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i
(C) a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii
(D) a-iii, b-iv, c-ii, d-i
Answer: D
68. Which of the following resources does not belong to the Renewable resources? {Udalguri}
(A) River
(B) Sunlight
(C) Gold
(D) Crops
Answer: C
Probable Multiple Choice Questions with Answers for HSLC 2027
1. What is the primary subject matter of Economic Geography?
(A) Social behavior of human beings
(B) Geological structure of the earth
(C) Production, distribution, consumption, and exchange of resources
(D) Political power and administration
Answer: C
2. “Resource is not a thing or substance; it is its functionality.” – Who stated this?
(A) Karl Marx
(B) E. W. Zimmermann
(C) Adam Smith
(D) Machiavelli
Answer: B
3. Which of the following does NOT fall under primary occupation?
(A) Agriculture
(B) Fishing
(C) Mining
(D) Trade and commerce
Answer: D
4. The activity of transforming natural raw materials into usable goods for human consumption belongs to which sector?
(A) Primary Sector
(B) Secondary Sector
(C) Tertiary Sector
(D) Quaternary Sector
Answer: B
5. Which of the following is an example of a service-oriented (Tertiary) economic occupation?
(A) Lumbering
(B) Transport and communication
(C) Manufacturing clothes from cotton
(D) Extracting coal from mines
Answer: B
6. Resources found in nature that do not get exhausted even after continuous use are called:
(A) Renewable resources
(B) Non-renewable resources
(C) Man-made resources
(D) Localized resources
Answer: A
7. Which of the following is an appropriate example of a non-renewable resource?
(A) Sunlight
(B) Forests
(C) Mineral oil
(D) Soil
Answer: C
8. When was the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) formed?
(A) 1945
(B) 1948
(C) 1961
(D) 1992
Answer: B
9. Where is the headquarters of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), established for the conservation of natural resources, located?
(A) New York (USA)
(B) Paris (France)
(C) Gland (Switzerland)
(D) London (Britain)
Answer: C
10. Which of the following is a ‘Biotic Resource’?
(A) Water
(B) Minerals
(C) Crops
(D) Wind
Answer: C
11. Resources that are found equally everywhere on earth are called:
(A) Ubiquitous resources
(B) Localized resources
(C) National resources
(D) International resources
Answer: A
12. Which of the following is NOT an example of a ‘National Resource’?
(A) Kaziranga National Park
(B) The Brahmaputra River
(C) The Pacific Ocean
(D) Digboi Oil Refinery
Answer: C
13. The concept of ‘Sustainable Development’ places the utmost importance on:
(A) Reckless and unlimited use of resources
(B) Judicious use of current resources keeping in mind the needs of future generations
(C) Only industrialization and economic growth
(D) Keeping natural resources completely unused
Answer: B
14. The resources created by human beings through their own physical and mental capabilities, utilizing education, health, and technology, are called:
(A) Natural resources
(B) Man-made resources
(C) Human resources
(D) National resources
Answer: C
15. Which of the following is an example of a ‘Man-made Resource’?
(A) Coal
(B) Forests
(C) Hydroelectricity
(D) Sunlight
Answer: C
16. What was the primary objective of the ‘Earth Summit’ held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992?
(A) To prevent world wars
(B) Environmental conservation and sustainable development
(C) To increase global trade and commerce
(D) Space research
Answer: B
17. In which year was the ‘Ministry of Environment and Forests’ formed by the Government of India?
(A) 1980
(B) 1985
(C) 1990
(D) 1995
Answer: B
18. The process of treating waste materials or discarded items to make them usable again is called:
(A) Alternative use of resources
(B) Discovery of resources
(C) Recycling of resources
(D) Destruction of resources
Answer: C
19. Which of the following occupations is termed as a ‘Quaternary Occupation’?
(A) Research and Information Technology
(B) Administrative and legal services
(C) Banking and financial services
(D) Teaching and medical services
Answer: A
20. Resources that are not being used currently but have the full potential to be utilized in the future are called:
(A) Developed resources
(B) Potential resources
(C) Reserve resources
(D) Individual resources
Answer: B
21. Match Column A with Column B and select the correct option:
Column A (Occupation)
(a) Primary occupation
(b) Secondary occupation
(c) Tertiary occupation
Column B (Example)
(i) Trade and commerce
(ii) Agriculture
(iii) Textile industry
(A) (a)-ii, (b)-iii, (c)-i
(B) (a)-i, (b)-ii, (c)-iii
(C) (a)-iii, (b)-i, (c)-ii
(D) (a)-ii, (b)-i, (c)-iii
Answer: A
22. Which of the following factors plays the most crucial role in transforming a neutral stuff into a resource?
(A) The size of the object
(B) The color of the object
(C) Technology and human knowledge
(D) The weight of the object
Answer: C
23. Match Column A with Column B:
Column A (Resource Type)
(a) Ubiquitous resource
(b) Localized resource
(c) Man-made resource
Column B (Example)
(i) Coal
(ii) Roads and bridges
(iii) Air/Wind
(A) (a)-ii, (b)-i, (c)-iii
(B) (a)-iii, (b)-i, (c)-ii
(C) (a)-i, (b)-ii, (c)-iii
(D) (a)-iii, (b)-ii, (c)-i
Answer: B
24. Consider the following statements and choose the correct answer:
(i) The meaning and scope of resources change over time.
(ii) Resources whose use leads to environmental degradation are called negative resources.
(iii) Man himself is not considered a resource.
(A) Only (i) and (ii) are correct
(B) Only (ii) and (iii) are correct
(C) Only (i) and (iii) are correct
(D) All (i), (ii), and (iii) are correct
Answer: A
25. Which of the following is NOT a proper method of resource conservation?
(A) Recycling of waste materials
(B) Searching for alternative resources
(C) Unrestricted and rapid extraction of natural resources
(D) Increasing public awareness
Answer: C
26. Arrange the following historical events in chronological order:
(i) Formation of World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)
(ii) Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro
(iii) Formation of IUCN
(A) (iii) → (ii) → (i)
(B) (iii) → (i) → (ii)
(C) (i) → (iii) → (ii)
(D) (i) → (ii) → (iii)
Answer: B
27. Which of the following pairs of resources and their classification is incorrect?
(A) Sunlight – Non-renewable resource
(B) Mineral oil – Localized resource
(C) Human skills – Human resource
(D) National Parks – National resource
Answer: A
28. Which of the following falls under ‘Quinary Occupation’?
(A) Doing agricultural work
(B) Working as a laborer in a factory
(C) High-level decision-makers and policymakers
(D) Running a retail shop
Answer: C
29. Read the following statements and select the correct option:
(i) Rocks, sand, and soil are Abiotic resources.
(ii) All natural things are not resources; only those that fulfill human needs are resources.
(iii) George Chisholm is considered the father of Economic Geography.
(A) Only (i) and (ii) are correct
(B) Only (ii) and (iii) are correct
(C) Only (i) and (iii) are correct
(D) All (i), (ii), and (iii) are correct
Answer: D
30. Regarding the concept of resources, which of the following statements is true?
(A) Resources are static; they never change.
(B) Human knowledge has no relationship with the creation of resources.
(C) Things that had no value in primitive times have become resources today with the help of technology.
(D) It is mandatory for an object to be visible to be considered a resource.
Answer: C
31. Which of the following acts as a ‘Resistance’ to human efforts?
(A) Sunlight
(B) Floods and earthquakes
(C) Forest vegetation
(D) Mineral resources
Answer: B
32. ‘Economic Geography’ is primarily a sub-branch of which major division of Geography?
(A) Physical Geography
(B) Human Geography
(C) Regional Geography
(D) Biogeography
Answer: B
33. Which of the following options represents eco-friendly technology (Green Technology) for resource conservation?
(A) Generating electricity by burning coal
(B) Using single-use plastic bags
(C) Utilizing solar energy and wind energy
(D) Increasing the application of chemical fertilizers
Answer: C
34. At one time, rubber was just a forest tree, but later humans learned to manufacture tires from it. This example reflects which characteristic of a resource?
(A) Ubiquitous distribution of resources
(B) Limited quantity of resources
(C) Functionality and dynamic nature of resources
(D) Non-renewability of resources
Answer: C
35. Who holds authority over international resources?
(A) The government of a specific country
(B) Local Panchayats
(C) International organizations like the United Nations
(D) Private individuals
Answer: C
36. Which of the following is NOT a primary indicator of ‘Human Resource’ development?
(A) Spread of education
(B) Rapid population growth
(C) Improvement in health conditions
(D) Enhancement of technical skills
Answer: B
37. The branch of geography that studies the distribution of economic activities and their relationship with the environment is called:
(A) Political Geography
(B) Population Geography
(C) Economic Geography
(D) Climatology
Answer: C
38. Which of the following resources falls under the category of ‘Individual Resource’?
(A) Public libraries
(B) One’s own house and land
(C) Mineral resources of a country
(D) Government hospitals
Answer: B
39. Who established the ‘World Conservation Monitoring Centre’ (WCMC)?
(A) The United Nations (UN)
(B) The World Bank
(C) IUCN
(D) The World Health Organization (WHO)
Answer: C
40. If the consumption of coal and petroleum continues at the present rate, what problem might occur in the future?
(A) These resources will naturally increase in volume
(B) These resources will get exhausted, leading to a severe energy crisis
(C) The environment will become much cleaner
(D) It will have absolutely no impact
Answer: B
41. Assertion (A): Human beings are considered the creators of all resources.
Reason (R): Humans transform materials found in nature into usable resources with the help of their knowledge, intelligence, and technology.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: A
42. Assertion (A): Resources do not remain static forever; they are dynamic.
Reason (R): With the passage of time, the development of human knowledge and advancement in technology transform new neutral stuffs into resources.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: A
43. Assertion (A): Mineral oil and coal are renewable resources.
Reason (R): Nature can regenerate these resources very quickly once they are consumed.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are false.
Answer: D
44. Assertion (A): Sustainable Development has become highly essential in the present times.
Reason (R): It emphasizes protecting natural resources for future generations while simultaneously focusing on present economic growth.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: A
45. Assertion (A): The tertiary occupation is not directly involved in the production of tangible goods.
Reason (R): The tertiary sector primarily provides services like transport, communication, and markets to support the primary and secondary sectors.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: A
46. Assertion (A): Sunlight is called a ubiquitous resource.
Reason (R): It is found exclusively in the polar regions of the earth.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: C
47. Assertion (A): Recycling of waste materials like plastic is extremely important in the modern era.
Reason (R): Recycling helps in reducing environmental pollution and minimizes the extraction and use of fresh raw materials.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: A
48. Assertion (A): The number of people engaged in the quaternary sector is comparatively less.
Reason (R): This sector requires a high level of education, specialized research capabilities, technical knowledge, and intellectual skills.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: A
49. Assertion (A): Resource conservation means completely stopping the utilization of resources.
Reason (R): Because natural resources have the risk of getting depleted very soon, they should not be touched at all.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are false.
Answer: D
50. Assertion (A): The IUCN and WWF have played a significant role in protecting the world’s biodiversity and natural resources.
Reason (R): These organizations formulate various international policies for the conservation of endangered species, environmental awareness, and nature protection.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: A
HSLC PYQs (2016–2026): Important 2/3 Marks Short Questions
HSLC PYQs (2016–2026): Important 2‑ and 3‑Mark Short Questions
1. Gold is a natural resource, and at the same time it is also an abiotic resource. Moreover, gold can also be called non-renewable resource and individual or national resource. Why can gold be called individual or national resource? Give your opinion. {2026}
2. What are called Ubiquitous Resource and Localised Resource? Give example of each of these resources. {2025}
3. Define ‘Economic Geography’. What is subject Matter? {2020}
4. Write in brief about the relationship between re-sources and science technology. {2019}
5. What is meant by resource? Mention any one of its main characteristics {2018}
6. What is the difference renewable and non-renewable resources? {2018}
7. Define Natural and Human resources with example. {2017}
8. Distinguish between Resource and Natural stuff. {2016}
9. Why is necessity of conservation of resources essential worldwide? {2016}
HSLC PYQs (2016–2026): Important 4/5 Marks Long Questions
HSLC PYQs (2016–2026): Important 2‑ and 3‑Mark Short Questions
1. What is Economic Geography? Mention three ma-jor branches of Economic Geography? {2024}
3. What is meant by conservation of resources?
Mention two methods of resource conservation? {2022}
5. What is meant by “Resource”? Mention its basic characteristics with examples. {2020}
6. What is meant by conservation of resources? Discuss its need. {2019}
7. What is Economic Geography? State three major branches of Economic Geography.{2017}
District Pre Board (2025–26): Important 2 Marks Short Questions
1. Following are the examples of economic activities or occupations of humans Classify them under 4 major categories of economic activities i.e primary. secondary, tertiary and quaternary occupation: {Hailakandi}
Banks, manufacturing works, marketing, mineral resorse collection, retail selling. education, repairing works.
2. “Resource is Dynamic”- Explain. {Jorhat}
3. “Resource brings welfare to mankind but wealth can both benefit or harm man”– justify the statement with a suitable example. {Kamrup M}
4. Why a lot of emphasis is given on sustainable development in the study of economic geography? {Kamrup M}
5. How a maintance can be converted to a resource. Explain with examples. {Kamrup R}
6. Mention some of the biotic and abiotic elements of environment. {Kokrajhar}
7. Write the difference between renewable resourch and non-renewable resourch with example {Lakhimpur}
8. Why are humans called human resources? {Majuli}
9. “All wealth is a resource, but all resources may not be wealth.” Analyze the difference between the two with examples. {Morigaon}
10. Write how to conserve resources using the recycling method. {Sibsagar}
11. Write about two problems caused by the overuse of natural resources. {Sibsagar}
12. Write any two differences between resource and wealth? {Sribhumi}
13. What is economic Geography? What is its main subject matter? {Salmara}
District Pre Board (2025–26): Important 3 Marks Long Questions
13. “Resource brings welfare to mankind but wealth can both benefit or harm man”– justify the statement with a suitable example. {Kamrup M}
14. Ramen is a carpenter. Every day he cuts down valuable trees from a forest and makes chiar-tables and sells them at high price- Idinitify and give examples of the types of economic occupation of Ramen. {Lakhimpur}
15. A village is investing in solar streetlights. Explain the classification of solar energy as a resource and its importance to the village’s energy security and the environment. {Morigaon}
16. What is recycling? How does it help in Conservation of Resources? {Nalbari}
17. Mention 3 measures of resource conservation with brief explanation. {Darrang}
District Pre Board (2025–26): Important 4/5 Marks Long Questions
18. What is the main objectives of resource conservation? Discuss two methods for successful implementation of resource conservation programme. {Bajali}
19. Write about the classification of resources with examples. {Baksa}
20. What kind of measures should be taken to conserve natural resources? {Biswanath}
21. What is meant by ‘Resource? Mention its basic characteristics with example. {Bongaigaon}
22. “Resource is Dynamic” – Explain. {Dhubri}
23. What is meant by conservation of resource ? Write the methods of resource conservation. {Dhubri}
24. Write differences between renewable resource and non-renewable resource. {Goalpara}
25. Mention four measures of resources conservation with brief explanation. {Goalpara}
26. What is known as economic geography? Discuss the scope of economic geography. {Sonitpur}
27. Below are the names of some major productive activities developed in different regions of the world. Arrange these occupations in the blank spaces of the given table with their appropriate regions- {Tamulpur}
Agriculture, mining, animal husbandry, fishing, tea/coffee plantation, forest resources
|
Sl. No |
Region |
Main Activity |
|
1 |
Grassland |
|
|
2 |
Plateau |
|
|
3 |
River Plains |
|
|
4 |
Hill Slopes |
|
|
5 |
Coastal Area |
|
|
6 |
Mountains,Hills |
28. Write down the relation between Resource and Science and Technology. {Sribhumi}
29. What does resource recycline mean ? How do you think plastic recycline will help prevent artificial flooding in cities and urban areas ? {Barpeta}
Some Important Most Probable 2 Marks Questions for HSLC 2027
1. Define Economic Geography.
2. What are the two primary characteristics of a resource according to E. W. Zimmermann?
3. Write two main differences between natural resources and man-made resources.
4. What are renewable resources? Give two examples.
5. What do you understand by the ‘Conservation of Resources’?
6. Give two examples of the ‘Tertiary Sector’ in economic occupations and mention its primary function.
7. What is the basic difference between a ‘Ubiquitous Resource’ and a ‘Localized Resource’?
8. Write two reasons why the recycling of resources is beneficial to the environment.
9. What is the full form of IUCN, and where is its headquarters located?
10. What is the core objective of Sustainable Development?
Some Important Most Probable 3 Mark Questions for HSLC 2027
11. “Man himself is a significant resource.” – Briefly explain this statement.
12. Write briefly about any three major branches or sub-fields of Economic Geography.
13. Why is the ‘Use of Alternatives’ important for the conservation of resources? Explain with an example.
14. Write three key differences between primary occupations and secondary occupations.
15. Why do you think the conservation of non-renewable resources is the most urgent need of the hour? Give reasons.
16. “Resource is dynamic.” – Explain this concept of Zimmermann with a suitable example.
17. How can resources be classified based on the natural environment (biotic and abiotic)? Give one example of each.
18. Write a short note on the primary objectives and functions of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).
19. How does technology transform a natural neutral stuff into a resource? Explain with an appropriate example.
20. Describe how Economic Geography studies the distribution and utilization of resources.
Some Important Most Probable 4 Mark Questions for HSLC 2027
21. Discuss in detail the scope and subject matter of Economic Geography.
22. How are resources classified? Explain the types of resources based on origin and availability with suitable examples.
23. Elaborately discuss the various methods of resource conservation (Methods of Resource Conservation).
24. Into how many main categories can the economic occupations of the world be divided? Discuss each category with relevant examples.
25. “Reckless and unscientific utilization of resources has invited a severe global environmental crisis.” – Provide your views in support of this statement and suggest remedies to overcome it.
26. Why did the concept of Sustainable Development emerge? What necessary steps should be taken in present society to materialize it?
27. Evaluate the role of international organizations like the United Nations (UN) and IUCN in the field of resource conservation and environmental protection.
28. Discuss the distinct characteristics of the Quaternary Sector and the Quinary Sector. What is their importance in the economy of a modern country?
29. Suppose you are an environmentally conscious citizen of a city. The volume of plastic and other waste materials is increasing rapidly in your city. Draft a plan detailing how this problem can be solved through the system of ‘Recycling’.
30. Analyze the interrelationship between natural resources and human resources. Why is the proper utilization of both these resources indispensable for the economic development of a country?
